I-Toxoplasma(CMIA)

I-Toxoplasma gondii iyi-parasite ye-intracellular, ebizwa nangokuthi i-trisomia.I-parasitizes emangqamuzaneni futhi ifinyelele ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba ngokugeleza kwegazi, kulimaze ubuchopho, inhliziyo kanye ne-fundus yeso, okuholela ekwehleni kokuzivikela komuntu kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene.Kuyi-parasite ye-intracellular eyisibopho, i-Coccidia, i-Eucoccidia, i-Isosporococcidae ne-Toxoplasma.Umjikelezo wempilo udinga izidalwa ezimbili, umsingathi ophakathi nendawo uhlanganisa izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinhlanzi, izinambuzane, izinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo nezinye izilwane nabantu, kanti umphathi wokugcina uhlanganisa amakati nezinsikazi.

I-Toxoplasma gondii ingeye-coccidia, umndeni we-toxoplasma kanye ne-toxoplasma.Umjikelezo wempilo udinga izidalwa ezimbili, umsingathi ophakathi nendawo uhlanganisa izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinhlanzi, izinambuzane, izinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo nezinye izilwane nabantu, kanti umphathi wokugcina uhlanganisa amakati nezinsikazi.Umjikelezo wokuphila we-Toxoplasma gondii ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu: isigaba se-tachyzoite (trophozoite): ukuhlukana okusheshayo kumaseli angama-nucleated ukuze kuthathe i-cytoplasm yawo wonke umsingathi, okuthiwa i-pseudocyst;isiteji se-bradyzoite: ukwanda kancane odongeni lwe-cyst olukhishwe umzimba, olubizwa ngokuthi i-cyst, equkethe amakhulu ama-bradyzoite;Isiteji se-Schizosome: Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-merozoite okwakhiwa ukwanda kwama-bradyzoite noma ama-sporozoite emangqamuzaneni amancane e-epithelial emathunjini amakati;Isigaba se-Gametophytic: ama-gametes amakhulu (abesifazane) kanye nama-gametes amancane (abesilisa) akha ama-zygote ngemva kokuvundiswa futhi ekugcineni akhule abe ama-oocysts;Isiteji se-Sporozoite: sibhekisela ekukhuleni nasekukhiqizeni ama-sporophyte ku-oocyst, akhe ama-sporangia amabili, bese i-sporangia ngayinye ikhula ibe ama-sporozoite amane.Izigaba ezintathu zokuqala ziwukukhiqizwa kwe-asexual, kanti izigaba ezimbili zokugcina ukukhiqiza ucansi.

I-Toxoplasma gondii ikhula ngezigaba ezimbili: isigaba sokuphuma emathunjini kanye nesigaba samathumbu.Owokuqala ukhula emangqamuzaneni ahlukahlukene aphakathi nendawo kanye nezicubu eziyinhloko zezifo ezithathelwanayo ezibulalayo.Lesi sakamuva sithuthukiswe kuphela kumaseli we-epithelial we-mucosa yokugcina yamathumbu emathunjini.