Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV (I+II) Amasosha omzimba (imigqa emibili)

Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV (I+II) Amasosha omzimba (imigqa emibili)

Uhlobo: Ishidi elingasikiwe

Igama Brand: I-Bio-mapper

Ikhathalogi:RF0171

Isifanekiso:Umchamo

Igciwane lengculazi, elaziwa nangokuthi i-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), igciwane elingahlasela i-T4 lymphocyte, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yamasosha omzimba womuntu.Amasosha omzimba e-HIV (HIV AB) aqukethwe egazini labantu abatheleleke nge-HIV, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi banezimpawu noma cha.Ngakho-ke, ukutholwa kwe-HIV AB kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlonza ukutheleleka nge-HIV.Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umuntu une-HIV yini, indlela evamile yokuhlola ukuya ezikhungweni zezempilo ukuze kuhlolwe amasosha omzimba e-HIV.Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV Ab okujwayelekile ukuhlolwa kwe-serum antibody.Ziningi izindlela zokuhlola i-HIV Ab ekhaya naphesheya, ezingahlukaniswa zibe i-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, i-agglutination assay kanye ne-immunochromatography ngokwemigomo yokutholwa ehlukene.Emsebenzini osebenzayo, i-enzyme exhumene ne-immunosorbent assay, i-gelatin agglutination test kanye nama-reagents okuxilonga ahlukahlukene avame ukusetshenziswa.

Thumela i-imeyili kithi

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Omaka bomkhiqizo

Incazelo enemininingwane

I-Western blot (WB), i-strip immunoassay (LIATEK HIV Ⅲ), i-radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) kanye ne-immunofluorescence assay (IFA).Indlela yokuhlola yokuqinisekisa esetshenziswa kakhulu e-China yi-WB.

(1) I-Western blot (WB) iyindlela yokuhlola esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuxilongeni izifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo.Mayelana nokuhlonzwa kwe-HIV okungokwemvelo, kuyindlela yokuqala yokuhlola yokuqinisekisa esetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe amasosha omzimba e-HIV.Imiphumela yokutholwa ye-WB ivamise ukusetshenziswa “njengendinganiso yegolide” ukuhlonza izinzuzo nokubi kwezinye izindlela zokuhlola.
Inqubo yokuhlola yokuqinisekisa:
Kukhona uhlobo oluxubile lwe-HIV-1/2 kanye nohlobo olulodwa lwe-HIV-1 noma i-HIV-2.Okokuqala, sebenzisa i-HIV-1/2 exutshwe i-reagent ukuze uhlole.Uma ukusabela kuyinegethivu, bika ukuthi amasosha omzimba we-HIV akanayo;Uma ine-HIV, izobika ukuthi ine-HIV-1 antibody;Uma kungahlangatshezwana nendlela yokunquma, kwahlulelwa ukuthi umphumela wokuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-HIV awuqiniseki.Uma kukhona ibhendi ethize yenkomba ye-HIV-2, udinga ukusebenzisa i-HIV-2 immunoblotting reagent ukuze wenze ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekiswa kwe-HIV 2 futhi, okubonisa ukusabela okungekuhle, futhi ubike ukuthi i-HIV 2 antibody ayinayo;Uma ine-positive, izobika ukuthi ine-serologically positive kuma-antibody e-HIV-2, bese ithumela isampula elabhorethri kazwelonke yereferensi ukuze kuhlaziywe ukulandelana kwe-nucleic acid,
Ukuzwela kwe-WB ngokuvamile akukhona ngaphansi kwalokho kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kokuqala, kodwa ukucaciswa kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu.Lokhu kusekelwe kakhulu ekuhlukaniseni, ekugxiliseni nasekuhlanzweni kwezingxenye ezihlukene ze-HIV antigen, ezikwazi ukubona amasosha omzimba ngokumelene nezingxenye ze-antigen ezihlukene, ngakho indlela ye-WB ingasetshenziswa ukukhomba ukunemba kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kokuqala.Kungabonakala emiphumeleni yokuhlola yokuqinisekisa ye-WB ukuthi nakuba ama-reagents anekhwalithi enhle ekhethwa ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kokuqala, njengesizukulwane sesithathu i-ELISA, kusazoba nemiphumela engamanga, futhi imiphumela enembile ingatholakala kuphela ngokuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kwe-Immunofluorescence (IFA)
Indlela ye-IFA iyonga, ilula futhi iyashesha, futhi iye yanconywa yi-FDA ukuze kutholwe amasampula angaqinisekile e-WB.Kodwa-ke, ama-microscopes abizayo e-fluorescent ayadingeka, ochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kahle bayadingeka, futhi imiphumela yokubuka neyokuhumusha ithintwa kalula yizici ezizimele.Imiphumela akufanele igcinwe isikhathi eside, futhi i-IFA akufanele yenziwe futhi isetshenziswe kuma-laboratories ajwayelekile.
Umbiko wemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqinisekiswa kwe-HIV
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqinisekiswa kwamasosha omzimba we-HIV izobikwa kuThebula Elinamathiselwe 3.
(1) Ukuthobela imibandela yokwahlulela ene-HIV 1, bika “i-HIV 1 antibody (+)”, futhi wenze umsebenzi omuhle wokubonisana ngemva kokuhlolwa, ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kanye nombiko wesimo sobhubhane njengoba kudingeka.Ukuthobela imibandela yokwahlulela eqondile ye-HIV 2, bika “i-HIV 2 antibody (+)”, futhi wenze umsebenzi omuhle wokubonisana ngemva kokuhlolwa, ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kanye nombiko wesimo sobhubhane njengoba kudingeka.
(2) Ukuhambisana nemibandela yokwahlulela engalungile kwamasosha omzimba we-HIV, futhi ubike “amasosha omzimba angenayo i-HIV (-)”.Esimeni okusoleka ukuthi ukutheleleka nge-“window period”, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-HIV nucleic acid kuyanconywa ukuze kwenziwe ukuxilonga okucacile ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
(3) Zihambisane nemibandela yokungaqiniseki kwe-antibody ye-HIV, bika “ukungaqiniseki kwe-antibody (±)”, futhi uqaphele emazwini athi “linda ukuhlolwa kabusha ngemva kwamaviki ama-4”.